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Table 2 Vertebral information and congenital abnormalities in investigated mammalian specimens: Trichechidae (manatees)

From: Breaking evolutionary and pleiotropic constraints in mammals: On sloths, manatees and homeotic mutations

Trichechidae (manatees)

Collection

Species

Collection No.

Sex

Vertebral formula

Precaudal No.

Rud. ribs on vertebrae

Skeletal and fibrous abnormalities

RBINC

 

1,181

n.a.

6C 17T 1T/Cd 26Cd

23.5

V24

V7-V8 fusion, sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum.

  

U. Nat coll.

n.a.

5C 2C/T 17T 2+Cd

24

V6, V7

Abnormal fibrous band sfrom rudimentary rib to sternum and rostral to sternum, sternal foramen

  

RMNH.MAM.16050

M

4C 2C/T 17T 26Cd

23

V5, V6

Asymmetric sternum, cervical spinous processes reduced and not fused

  

RMNH.MAM.24221 **)

F

5C 1C/T 17T 1T/Cd 24Cd

23.5

V6, V24

Sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum, cervical spinous processes reduced and not fused

  

RMNH.MAM.16049

M

5C 1C/T 16T 1T/Cd 26Cd

22.5

V6, V23

-

  

RMNH.MAM.22392

F

4C 2C/T 16T 1T/Cd 26Cd

22.5

V5, V6, V23

Sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum, malformed cervical vertebrae

 

Trichechus manatus

ZMA.10725

n.a.

5C 1C/T 17T 25Cd

23

V6

Sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum and asymmetric pelvic rudiments

NCBN

 

ZMA.9550

n.a.

5C 1C/T 16T 17+Cd

22

V6

C2-C3 fusion, malformed cervical vertebrae

  

ZMA.9549

F

5C 1C/T 16T 1T/Cd 26Cd

22.5

V6, V23

Sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum, malformed caudal ribs

  

ZMA.23909 **)

n.a.

5C 1C/T 16T 1T/Cd 25Cd

22.5

V6,V23

Sternal foramen and asymmetric sternum

  

ZMA.1342 **)

M

5C 1C/T 15T 24Cd

21

V6

Sternal foramen, malformed cervical vertebrae

  

ZMA.1340

n.a.

5C 1C/T 17T 23+Cd

23

V6

Abnormal fibrous band from rudimentary rib to sternum and rostral to sternum

  

ZMA.26773

n.a.

5C 1C/T 17T 1T/Cd 13+Cd

23.5

V6, V24

Asymmetric sternum

  

U. Nat coll.

n.a.

6C 17T 2Cd

23

-

C2-C3 fusion, asymmetric sternum.

  

ZMA.14042

M

5C 1C/T 17T 26Cd

23

V6

C2-C3 fusion, asymmetric sternum.

NHM

Trichechus senegalensis

1999.77

n.a.

6C 16T

-

-

C2-C3 fusion, asymmetric ribs, deformation of scapula and limbs

  

1864.12.1

n.a.

5C 1C/T 15T 1T/Cd 26Cd

21.5

V6, V22

C2-C3 fusion

RMCA

 

21530

F

5C 1C/T 17T 27Cd

23

V6

C3-C4 fusion.

  1. *) Skeleton largely absent
  2. **) Died in captivity
  3. Abbreviations: n.a. - not available, C -Cervical, T - Thoracic, L-Lumbar, S - Sacral, Cg - Coccygeal, Cd - Caudal (post thoracic), V - Vertebra, rud. - rudimentary, NCBN - NCB Naturalis, RMCA - Royal Museum for Central Africa Tervuren, RBINC - Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels, NHM - Natural History Museum London
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