From: Heterochrony and repurposing in the evolution of gymnosperm seed dispersal units
Histochemical test | Pollen cone bract | Seed cone bract | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epidermis | Fibers | Parenchyma | Epidermis (Stage 1–3) | Fibers (Stage 1–3) | Parenchyma | ||||
Primary wall | Secondary wall | Primary wall | Secondary wall | (Stage 1–2) | (Stage 3) | ||||
Toluidine blue O | Green | Blue | Not stained | Blue | Green | Blue | Not stained | Blue | Blue |
PAS | −−− | +++ | −−− | +++ | −−− | +++ | −−− | +++ | −−− |
Alcian blue | −−− | −−− | −−− | +++ | −−− | −−− | −−− | +++ | −−− |
Ruthenium Red | −−− | +++ | −−− | −−− | −−− | +++ | −−− | −−− | −−− |
IKI (Lugol) | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− |
Polarized light | −−− | +++ | +++ | −−− | −−− | +++ | +++ | −−− | −−− |
Coomassie blue R-2503 | −−− | ++− | −−− | +++* | −−− | ++− | −−− | +++* | −−− |
Sudan Black B | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− |