Fig. 2

Gene expression profiles of eight Hox genes during soldier and neotenic differentiation. Expression levels (mean ± S.D., n = 3) relative to the mean expression in pseudergates were calibrated using the selected internal control (RP49). The dot plot indicates actual expression levels in each sample. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences between groups (Tukey’s test, p < 0.05). A Among eight genes, Dfd, Antp and Ubx were highly expressed 1 week after induction of soldier differentiation, highlighted by blue bars. B Before neotenic differentiation, Ubx, abdA and AbdB were highly expressed, indicated by red bars. C During alate differentiation, Scr, Antp and Ubx were upregulated