Figure 1
From: Genomic insights into Wnt signaling in an early diverging metazoan, the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
Non-bilaterian animal relationships. (A) Representative images of non-bilaterian animals, Ctenophora (Mnemiopsis leidyi), Cnidaria (Nematostella vectensis), Placozoa (Trichoplax adhaerens) and Porifera (Dysidea spp.). Photos courtesy of William E. Browne and Eric Roettinger. (B-G) Alternate hypotheses on early animal evolution and the placement of the ctenophores, based on (B) morphological data, (C) 18S ribosomal RNA results, (D-F) different phylogenomic analyses and (G) a combined morphological and phylogenomic approach.