Figure 5
From: Cap’n’collar differentiates the mandible from the maxilla in the beetle Tribolium castaneum
Homeotic transformation of the mandibular appendage to maxillary identity in Tc-cnc knockdown embryos as revealed by the expression of markers for telopodites ( Tc-Dll ) and endites ( Tc-prd ) . Gene expression was determined by in situ hybridization. All views are ventral with anterior to the left. (A-E) The mandibular segment appendage (arrowhead), lacinia (star), galea (asterisk) and telopodite (arrow) are indicated. (A,B) Expression of Tc-Dll (blue) and Tc-prd (red). (A) wild-type embryo. Tc-Dll is expressed in the maxillary lacinia endite lobe (star) and telopodite (arrow). Tc-prd is expressed in the endites of the mandible, maxilla and labial appendages. (B) Tc-cncRNAi embryo. Tc-Dll and Tc-prd are expressed in transformed mandible appendages in the same manner as in the maxillae. The labral domain of Tc-Dll is also missing at the anterior of the embryo. (C-E) Expression of Tc-Dll (red) and Tc-prd (blue) in germ band extending embryos earlier than those shown in A,B. (C) wild-type embryo. (D,E) Tc-cncRNAi embryos. (E) Tc-cncRNAi embryo. The telopodites and endites of some appendages are larger (white arrowheads) than the corresponding appendage on the other side of the same segment. There is an asymmetry between the different transformed mandibular appendages. The transformed mandibles resemble maxillae at an earlier stage of development and so have delayed development relative to the maxillary appendages. Mandibular (Mn), maxillary (Mx) and labial (La) segments shown.