Revisiting de Beer’s textbook example of heterochrony and jaw elongation in fish: calmodulin expression reflects heterochronic growth, and underlies morphological innovation in the jaws of belonoid fishes

Table 1 Results of two-way ANOVA on qRT-PCR of skeletogenic genes

Organism	Gene	Jaw (P-value)	Age (P-value)	Interaction (P-value)
Halfbeak	runx2	0.005	0.009	0.248
Halfbeak	sox9b	0.001	> 0.001	0.255
Halfbeak	bmp2	0.020	0.048	0.909
Halfbeak	bmp4	0.132	0.016	0.869
Halfbeak	calm1	> 0.001	0.011	0.209
Halfbeak	calm2	0.780	0.014	0.666
Halfbeak	calm3	0.976	0.005	0.528
Medaka	sox9b	0.167	0.118	0.284
Medaka	bmp2	0.282	0.192	0.302
Medaka	bmp4	0.283	0.045	0.370
Medaka	calm1	0.243	0.099	0.238
Medaka	calm2	0.257	0.016	0.206
Medaka	calm3	0.280	0.080	0.363

ISSN: 2041-9139