Fig. 3
From: Phenotypic plasticity and modularity allow for the production of novel mosaic phenotypes in ants
Distribution of morphology without caste a priori. Distribution of all individuals from the three complete colonies (BLF27637, BLF27654, and BLF27647) in the space defined by the first two components of the principal component analysis on pooled data from the six modules (shape and centroid size of head, pronotum, mesonotum, and propodeum; gaster width; tibia length). As expected in ants, two groups were detected (one on each side of the dotted line) and used as references to determine the queen/worker axis for each module and calculate their queen-likeness. Affiliations to queen (green squares), worker (red circles), and intercaste (blue triangles) phenotypes as classically determined were added a posteriori to the figure and were not used for the statistical analysis