Fig. 3
Developmental expression of ApGLNT1 in the embryos when the maternal symbiont undergoes transmission. Signals representing ApGLNT1 immunoactivity, F-actin to the cell cortex, and nuclei are marked with color keys at the bottom of the figure. All embryos are displayed with anterior of the germaria to the left. Confocal images of a–c show ApGLNT1 antibody staining results. Confocal images of a′–c′ show merged results from ApGLNT1 antibody, nuclei, and F-actin staining. Illustrations of a″–c″ display the embryonic characteristics corresponding to the presented developmental stages. ApGLNT1 signal in the outer layer surrounding the whole ovarioles is indicated with open arrowhead, and signal in the inner layer surrounding the developing embryos is indicated with closed arrowhead. The punctate signal of ApGLNT1 localized in the endosymbiotic bacteria region is indicated with an arrow. a, a′, a″ Embryo incorporating the maternal endosymbiotic bacteria (stage 7 of development). a, a′ ApGLNT1 signals are detected in the membranes of the follicular epithelium (closed and open arrowheads) and in the invading endosymbiotic bacteria (arrow). b, b′, b″ Invaginating embryo (stage 9 of development). b, b′ Similar to stage 7 embryo, ApGLNT1 signals are localized in the membranes of follicular epithelium (closed and open arrowheads) and in the invading endosymbiotic bacteria (arrow). c, c′, c″ S-shaped embryo (stage 11 of development). c, c′ The signal of follicular epithelium remains detectable in the periphery of the embryos (closed and open arrowheads) and punctate signals in the region of endosymbiotic bacteria become obvious (arrow). Scale bars: 20 μm. b endosymbiotic bacteria Buchnera, cs central syncytium, elfc enlarged follicle cells, fc follicle cells, gc germ cells, hd head, ig invaginating germband, st stage