Fig. 7

Effects of arm1 and arm2 knockdown on adult Oncopeltus wing pigmentation and shape. a Wings of amp ^r (control), arm1 and arm2 dsRNA-injected adults. The anterior portion of the proximal band is enlarged in arm1 and arm2 knockdown wings (arrowheads). Effects of arm1 removal on the normalized areas of the proximal band (b) and the distal membranous portion (c) of the forewing. d Shape change caused by arm1 knockdown as depicted by the wireframe diagrams for the arm1 and amp ^r knockdown wings superimposed on a deformation grid. A scale factor of 3 was used. e Principal components analysis of amp ^r and arm1 knockdown wings with 95 % confidence ellipses