Fig. 4

Diversity of craniofacial morphology in bats. Left, a picture drawn by Ernst Haeckel, an influential comparative embryologist and artist [81]. Right, the silhouettes of the bat species illustrated in the Haeckel’s picture: (1) lesser long-eared bat (Nyctophilus geoffroyi), frontal view of the head; (2) brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auratus), frontal view of the head; (3) brown long-eared bat, entire body; (4) lesser false vampire bat (Megaderma spasma), frontal view of the head; (5) big-eared woolly bat (Chrotopterus auritus), lateral view of the head; (6) Tomes’s sword-nosed bat (Lonchorhina aurita), caudo-lateral view of the head; (7) Tomes’s sword-nosed bat, frontal view of the head; (8) Mexican funnel-eared bat (Natalus stramineus), frontal view of the head; (9) Antillean ghost-faced bat (Mormoops blainvillei), frontal view of the head; (10) flower-faced bat (Anthops ornatus), high magnification of noseleaf; (11) greater spear-nosed bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), frontal view of the head; (12) thumbless bat (Furipterus horrens), frontal view of the head; (13) greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), frontal view of the head; (14) wrinkle-faced bat (Centurio senex), frontal view of the head; (I) spectral bat (Vampyrum spectrum), frontal view of the head