Fig. 3

Over- or under-representation strengths of each gene category classified by gene length (a, c, e, g, i) or gene age grade (b, d, f, h, j) during development of the five species. Over- and under-representation are represented by −log(P) or log(P), respectively (see “Methods” for details). The red/blue dashed line represents the ∓log(P) value corresponding to significant over- or under-representation. The gray shaded area represents the presumptive phylotypic phase. PCG refers to ‘protein-coding gene’. Developmental stages are separated by dashed light green lines and marked at the bottom of each panel. For M. musculus: Cleavage, Blastula (B), Neurula (N), Organogenesis and Fetus (F). For G. gallus: Primitive streak (P.S.), Neurula, early Organogenesis (Organog.) and late Organogenesis (Organog.). For D. rerio Cleavage (C), Blastula (B), Gastrula (G), Segmentation (Segment.), Pharyngula (Pharyn.) and Hatching (Hat.). For Drosophila melanogaster: Cleavage (C), Blastoderm + Gastrulation (B.G.), Germ band elongation and retraction (Germ band.), Early of head involution (H), Differentiation and Larvae. For C. elegans: 4-cell stage, E-cell division (E-div), division of the AB lineage (ABdiv), Ventral Enclosure (VE), Comma Stage (CS), Movement (Mov) and First stage larva (L1). The abbreviations for gene age grades: Op, Opisthokonta; Bi, Bilateria; Ch, Chordata; Ma, Mammalia; Eut, Euteleostomi; Ecd, Ecdysozoa; Dm, D. melanogaster; Cele, C. elegans