Fig. 2

Ancestral character state reconstruction of lianescent habit and phloem wedges in Malpighiaceae. Trees show the occurrence of lianas (left) and stem with xylem furrowed by phloem wedges (right) in Malpighiaceae. Pie charts on nodes show the posterior probabilities of every state. For habit reconstruction (left), the purple color represents self-supporting plants (trees, shrubs, and sub-shrubs) and yellow represent climbing plants. For phloem wedges reconstruction (right) purple color represents the absence of phloem wedges and yellow its presence. Climbing plants appear twice in Malpighiaceae while phloem wedges appear ten times. Most of the phloem wedges are concentrated in tetrapteroids and stigmaphylloids, except for Tristellateia (Bunchosia clade) and Hiraea (Hiraea clade)