Figure 3
From: Two developmental switch points for the wing polymorphisms in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
Structure of the indirect flight-muscles in A. pisum . (a) Conforcal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) image of the sagittal plane of winged male. (b) 3D reconstruntion images of the flight-muscles in the winged male. The indirect flight-muscles consist of three musculature components, that is, dorsoventral muscle, dorsal longitudinal muscle, and oblique dorsal muscle. No apparent differences of the muscles structures are found between the winged males and viviparous females. See the Additional file 1 for the methods of CLSM observation and 3D reconstruction. A: anterior, D; dorsal, DLM: dorsal longitudinal muscle, DVM: dorsoventral muscle, L: left, ODM: oblique dorsal muscle, P: posterior, R: right, V: ventral.