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Table 1 Embryonic stages of C. salei according to Wolf and Hilbrant (2011) that are relevant for eye formation

From: Differential expression of retinal determination genes in the principal and secondary eyes of Cupiennius salei Keyserling (1877)

Stage

Hours after fertilisation

Days

Name of stage

Description of stage relevant to eye formation

Stage 11

100 to 130

4-5-6

Prosomal limb buds

Progression in the formation of bilateral cheliceral lobes

Stage 12

160 to 180

6-7-7.5

Lateral furrow

Formation of kidney-shaped folds lateral to stomodaeum (lf)

Stage 14

160 to 180

6-7-7.5

Inversion I

Migration of lateral subdivision (ls) in the direction of lf and partly covering it

   

Formation of a crescent-shaped anterior furrow (af)

Stage 16

180 to 220

7.5-9

Inversion III

Tissue from ls completely covers the lf

  

The growth of medial subdivisions (ms) anteriorly, partly covering the af

Stage 18

180 to 220

7.5-9

Prosomal shield

Growth of the rim of precheliceral lobes in the direction of mouth opening

  

Formation of eye vesicles

Stage 20

220 to 280

9-11

Ventral closure

Distinct brain regions such as optic ganglia are evident, all four pairs of eyes are formed but not pigmented