Table 1 Timetable of developmental stages of Schizocardium karanakawa at 19 °C and 23 °C

1st polar body stage embryos are slightly negatively buoyant

50 min

2nd polar body

1 h 10 min

2-cell

2 h

1 h 30 min

4-cell

2 h 45 min

8-cell

3 h 20 min

2 h

16-cell

3 h 55 min

2 h 25 min

32-cell stage embryos are neutral to positively buoyant

Early blastula

8 h

4 h 15 min

Late blastula

10 h

5 h 20 min

Mid-gastrula (hatching)

17 h

Late gastrula (ballooning)

20 h

Proboscis pore-stage (Fig. 3I)

22 h 30 min

9 h