|
Mutant
|
Affected vertebraea
|
cdl v #b
|
Fused ribs
|
Fused digits
|
Structure affected
|
Relevant pathways
|
|---|
|
C
|
T
|
L
|
S
|
cdl
|
So
|
NT
|
NC
|
VER
|
|---|
|
Ankrd13a
| | | | | ✓ | | | | | | | |
Nd
|
|
Cenpj
| | | | | ✓ | | | ✓ | | | | |
Nd
|
|
CREB
| ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ | | ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
Dkk1 doubleridge/null
| | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | ✓ | | | |
Wnt
|
|
Dll3
| ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
f flexed tail; Sfxn1 mutation
| | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
+/-
| ✓ | | | ✓ | ✓ | |
Bmp/Shh
|
|
Fgf3
| | | | | ✓ |
++
| | | ✓ | ✓ | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
Hes7
| ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
Ikkα
| ✓ | | | ✓ | ✓ |
+
| | ✓ | | | | |
Notch; FGF
|
|
Jsr jumbled spine and ribs
| | ✓ | | | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
Knk kinked tail
| | | | | ✓ |
+
| | | | | ✓ | |
Notch; Wnt
|
|
Lrp6 crooked tail
| | | | | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
mea meander tail
| | ✓ | ✓ | ✓* | ✓ |
++
| | | | | | |
Wnt
|
|
Meox1/Meox2
| | | | | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Retinoic Acid
|
|
Noto
| | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
++
| | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Wnt
|
|
Nrarp
| | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
+
| ✓ | | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt
|
|
Ppp5c
| | | | | ✓ | | | | | | | |
Wnt
|
|
Ror2
| | | | | ✓ |
+
| ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | |
Notch/Wnt; Wnt
|
|
Rpl38
| ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | | ✓ | | |
Hox
|
|
Rps7
| | | | ✓* | ✓ |
+
| | | | | | |
nd
|
|
Sulf1/Sulf2
| | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | | ✓ | | | |
Bmp/Shh
|
|
Vangl2
| | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
++
| ✓ | | | ✓ | | |
Wnt
|
|
Wnt5a
| | | | ✓ | ✓ |
+++
| | | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ |
Wnt
|
- Selected phenotypes and relevant genetic pathways for each mutant are indicated.aAsterisks indicate fusion other than vertebral body fusion. bFor the decreased number of caudal vertebrae (Cdl vertebrae #) column, +: less than half of the tail is absent; ++: half or more of the tail is absent; and +++: tail is severely truncated. Check marks indicate the presence of a particular trait. For a more comprehensive list of posterior vertebral body fusion mouse mutants (those which have fusions posterior to the cervical vertebrae, as seen in modern birds), and for more information on the caudal vertebral body mutants, see Additional files 2 and 3. Abbreviations: C, cervical; cdl, caudal; L, lumbar; NT, neural tube; NC, notochord; nd, not determined; S, sacral; So, somite; v, vertebrae; VER, ventral ectodermal ridge.
