Figure 2

Stage-dependent effects of retinoic acid (RA) and RA receptor (RAR) antagonist (BMS009) on the formation of pharyngeal structures in amphioxus. For each feature, the percentage of normal larvae at 36 hours post fertilization (hpf) is indicated. Animals were treated with RA (A) or BMS009 (B) from 16 hpf, 20 hpf or 24 hpf.